Democracy
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Cleisthenes was important because he was known as the reformer of the constitution of Athens. He also began to point Athens in the way of becoming a democracy. He is known as "the father of Athenian democracy."
Athens
Cleisthenes and Peisistratus were both significant figures in ancient Athens, but they had different impacts on the political landscape. Cleisthenes, often called the "Father of Athenian Democracy," implemented reforms around 508-507 BCE that established the foundations of democratic governance, promoting citizen participation and reorganizing the political structure. In contrast, Peisistratus, a tyrant who ruled in the 6th century BCE, focused on consolidating power and promoting economic prosperity through public works and fostering the arts, but he did not democratize the political system in the same way Cleisthenes did. While Cleisthenes championed democratic ideals, Peisistratus represented a more autocratic rule.
Until Cleisthenes set up a democracy in 508 BCE, the aristocratic Council on the Areopagus ruled the city. This Council was an oligarchy which means 'rule by the few' (a monarchy = rule by one, a democracy = people power).
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Obviously under the rule of the people if it was a democracy.The transition from Tyranny to democracy began in 508 BCE when the leader was Cleisthenes. The city then slipped back into oligarchy during the Persian War as the aristocratic Council of the Areopagus led the resistance and therefore they wielded the power. This was broken in 461 BCE by the democratic leader Ephialtes, and after his assassination democratic leadership devolved to Pericles, who guided Athens' to a radical form of direct democracy where the citizens met fortnightly and directed political activity.
he ruled from 502 B.C. to 490 B.C.
Begun by Cleisthenes 508 BCE, revived by Ephialtes 460 BC, extended by his deputy Pericles after Ephialtes was murdered for doing it.
Eventually, Cleisthenes introduced the concept of democracy, allowing all free male citizens to participate in decision-making. This marked a significant shift from aristocratic rule to a system where citizens could vote on laws and policies, fostering greater political engagement and equality. Cleisthenes' reforms laid the foundation for the democratic principles that would influence later political systems.
A major accomplishment of the Cleisthenes was that as before ,all the male citizens could participate in the assembly and vote on laws. Assembly members could now discuss issues freely, hear legal and appoint army officals.
Sparta did't try to rule Athens. Having dismantled Athens' war power by destroying its fleet, it left Athens to sort itself out (though it did make one inefectual intervention to try to force stability). Athens eventually re-established democracy and began to engage in the usual ongoing warfare amongst the Greek city-states on varying sides as self-interest dictated.