It was not.
Spain was under Muslim control by 750 AD.
spain
Spain was under partial, or total, Muslim control from 711 until 1492.
Spain (al-Andulas), Sicily and Southern France
Al Andalus
Neither, Spain and Portugal were under one control for a time then returened to its usual countries.
They did neither unify nor protect Spain. The Umayyads did control the majority of Spain, all of the way up to Barcelona at the furthest extent. They achieved this through strength of arms (conquest). The leading general was Tariq ibn Ziyad, for whom Gibraltar is named. Under Umayyad control, about 80% of Spain was under Muslim control and the same armies that conquered the territory proceeded to defend its borders. However, they slowly lost territory so that by the time of the last Umayyad Caliph, only 50% of Spain was still in Muslim hands. Therefore, many former Umayyad regions were no longer "unified" or "protected".
southern region
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There were numerous cities under Muslim control in 633 C.E. when Mohammed died. Probably the two most important cities were Mecca and Yethrib (now called Medina). Additionally, Najran, Sana'a, Aden, and Jeddah were also cities under Muslim control.
Medina.
The part of Spain under Moorish control was called Al-Andalus