Chimurenga (Zimbabwe) and Maji-maji (tanganyika)
zambia has the music of what people com up in there head and that is zambian music
Zimbabwe was born out of Rhodesia in 1980 the year of independence after a protracted war of liberation that lasted many years. Zimbabwe was colonised by Britain when British settlers arrived and enslaved local indeginous black people in the 1800s. The indigenous people waged what became known as Chimurenga 1 and Chimurenga 2 wars against the settlers which led to independence on the 18th of April 1980. Zimbabwe has had political independence for some 30 years. The government of Robert Mugabe in 2000 waged what it called Chimurenga 3 which was to get land back from descendents of the white settlers as a form of economic independence. This led to a disastorous economic ruin which saw saw inflation of the local currency reaching billions of percent.
Chimurenga - magazine - was created in 2002.
Peter Godwin has written: 'Human tortoises' 'Rhodesians never die' -- subject(s): Ethnic relations, History, Politics and government, Whites, Zimbabwe Chimurenga War, 1966-1980
Robin Renwick has written: 'Unconventional diplomacy in Southern Africa' -- subject(s): Foreign relations, History, Insurgency, Peace, Politics and government, Zimbabwe Chimurenga War, 1966-1980 '\\'
Recession in Zimbabwe, link your answer to business cycle
Emeka Anyaoku has written: 'The Inside Story of the Modern Commonwealth' 'Zimbabwe, reflections on the Lancaster House Conference' -- subject(s): History, Lancaster House Conference on Rhodesia (1979), Peace, Politics and government, Zimbabwe Chimurenga War, 1966-1980 'The missing headlines' -- subject(s): Politics and government
unprotected sex
Violence, a lack of respect for human rights, and an unstable economy are the main causes of political instability in Zimbabwe.
the second chimurenga
Mugabe caused the problem, but how? Zimbabwe only attained independence in 1980 after a bloody struggle against the white minority government led by Ian Smith. The Whites occupied Zimbabwe in 1800s with an intention of exploring mineral resources in the then Rhodesia. Ralizing that there were no sufficient minerals to sustain their ambitions, they resorted to farming. This meant that the Ndebele as well as the Shona people had to give their land away to the minority whites, of course, in a bloody situation...the First Chimurenga. The second Chimurenga was fought in the years prior to the Independence in 1980. The first decade of Zimbabwe's independence saw prosperous economy and stability within the country. Mugabe himself did not reserve grudges against the whites, and he is reported to have delivered a reconciliation speech at independence. With the inception of Structural Adjustiment Programme under the IMF/World Bank, Zimbabwe failed to meet certain conditionalities the IFIs required of the country. This resulted in rising unemployment rates, inflation, as well as signs of economic shock. This raised growing opposition to change. The MDC was born, but Mugabe resisted to the needed change. To win popular suppor, he went against the whites and seized their pieces of land, thereby halting all agricultural production, which contributed nearly 80 per cent of the Zimbabwe economy.