What are the rights duties and obligations of a Mexican citizen?

Answer 1

Translated from the Mexican Federal Constitution (articles 30-39), which can be found at the link below.

Article 30. Mexican nationality is acquired by birth or naturalization.

A) Mexicans by birth:

I. Those born in the territory of the Republic, irrespective of the nationality of their parents.

II. Those born abroad, children of Mexican parents born in national territory, of a Mexican father born in national territory, or a Mexican mother born in national territory

III. Those born abroad, children of Mexican parents by naturalization, naturalized Mexican father or mother is Mexican by naturalization, and

IV. Those born on board Mexican ships or aircraft, whether in war or merchant.

B) Mexicans by naturalization:

I. Foreigners who obtained from the Ministry of Foreign certificate of naturalization.

II. The woman or man who marries a foreign man or woman Mexicans who have or establish their residence within the country and meet all other requirements for that purpose by law.

Article 31. The obligations of the Mexicans:

I. Getting your child or ward attend public schools or private education for preschool, primary and secondary education, and receive the military, under the terms established by law.

II. Assist in the days and hours designated by the city council where they reside, to receive civic and military instruction which will equip them in the exercise of the rights of citizens, skilled in handling weapons, and knowledgeable about military discipline.

III. Enlist and serve in the National Guard, under the pertinent organic law, to secure and defend the independence, land, honor, rights and interests of the nation and the peace and internal order and

IV. Contribute to public expenditure and of the Federation and the Federal District or the State and Municipality in which they reside, in the proportional and equitable manner provided by law.

Article 32. The law shall regulate the exercise of rights under Mexican law gives the Mexicans who have another nationality and establish rules to avoid conflicts over dual nationality.

The exercise of the positions and functions for which, under the provisions of this Constitution, required to be Mexican by birth, is reserved for those who have that quality and do not acquire another nationality. This reservation also applies to cases brought so other laws of Congress.

In time of peace no foreigner can serve in the army or the police or public safety. To join the active Army in peacetime and the Navy or Air Force at all times, or hold any office or commission in them, is required to be Mexican by birth.

The same status is indispensable for captains, pilots, owners, drivers, mechanics, and in general, for all personnel of the crew of any vessel or airship protected with the Mexican merchant flag or insignia. It is also necessary to hold the offices of captain of the port and all services of pratique and airport commander.

Mexicans shall have priority over foreigners under equality of circumstances for all classes of concessions and for all employment, positions or commissions of government that is not essential as a citizen.

Chapter III

For Aliens

Article 33. Foreigners are those who do not possess the qualifications set forth in Article 30. They are entitled to the guarantees granted by Chapter I, Title I, of this Constitution, but the Executive of the Union shall have exclusive authority to abandon the national territory immediately and without trial, any foreigner whose remaining he may deem inconvenience.

Foreigners may not in any way interfere in the affairs of the nation.

Chapter IV

Mexican Citizens

Article 34. Citizens of the Republic men and women who, having the status of Mexicans, likewise meet the following requirements:

I. You must be 18 years and

II. Having an honest living.

Article 35. The prerogatives of citizens:

I. Popular vote in elections;

II. To be voted for all elected offices and appointed to any other office or commission, having the qualifications established by law;

III. Associate together to participate peacefully in the political affairs of the country;

IV. Take up arms in the Army or National Guard to defend the Republic and its institutions, under the terms prescribed by law, and

V. Exercise in all cases the right of petition.

Article 36. The obligations of citizens of the Republic:

I. Register in the register of the municipality, stating the property they possess, the industry, profession or occupation by which they subsist; and also register on the National Register of Citizens, in the terms established by law.

The organization and ongoing operation of the National Register of Citizens and to issue the document certifying the Mexican citizens are services of public interest and therefore the responsibility that the state and citizens in the terms established by law,

II. Enlist in National Guard;

III. Popular vote in elections in the terms established by law;

IV. Perform the elective office of the Federation or State, in no case be gratuitous, and

V. Play town council positions where they reside, and to fulfill electoral and jury.

Article 37.

A) No Mexican by birth may be deprived of his nationality.

B) Mexican nationality by naturalization is lost in the following cases:

I. Voluntary acquisition of foreign nationality, for passing in any public instrument or foreign, to use a foreign passport, or accepting or using titles of nobility which imply submission to a foreign State and

II. For five years continuous residence abroad.

C) Mexican citizenship is lost:

I. By accepting or using titles of nobility from foreign governments;

II. By rendering voluntary services to a foreign government without permission of the Federal Congress or its Standing Committee;

III. By accepting or using foreign decorations without permission of the Federal Congress or its Standing Committee;

IV. By accepting the government of Another Country titles or functions without previous permission from the Federal Congress or its Standing Committee, excepting literary titles, scientific or humanitarian may be freely accepted;

V. For help, against the nation, to a foreigner or a foreign government in any diplomatic claim or before an international tribunal, and

VI. In other cases which the laws.

In the case of fractions II to IV of this paragraph, the Congress established in the respective regulatory law, the exceptional cases in which permits and licenses shall be granted on the expiry of the period indicated by law with the mere filing of the request.

Article 38. The rights or prerogatives of citizens are suspended:

I. For failure to comply, without good cause, any of its obligations under Article 36. This suspension will last one year and shall be in addition to other penalties for the same act to point out the law;

II. Being subject to a criminal offense punishable by corporal punishment, from the date of the warrant of arrest;

III. During the extinction of corporal punishment;

IV. Through vagrancy or habitual drunkenness, affirmed in the manner prescribed by law;

V. For being a fugitive from justice, since the arrest warrant issued until the prescription of criminal proceedings, and

VI. Through final sentence imposing such suspension as a penalty.

The law shall determine the cases that are lost, and others in suspending the rights of citizenship, and the way of rehabilitation.

Second Title

Chapter I

National Sovereignty and Form of Government

Article 39. National sovereignty resides essentially and originally in the people. All power emanates from the people and is instituted for their benefit. The people at all times the inalienable right to alter or modify their form of government.