What caused china to be insulated for so many years?

Answer 1

China's long period of isolation was primarily due to its historical emphasis on self-sufficiency, geographic barriers, and cultural pride. The country's vast deserts, mountains, and seas made it difficult for foreign powers to penetrate, while the belief in the superiority of Chinese civilization led to resistance against outside influences. Additionally, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, policies such as the maritime ban restricted foreign trade and interactions, further entrenching China's insularity. This isolation persisted until the mid-19th century when external pressures and internal challenges forced China to engage more with the world.