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Napoleon's empire faced several challenges, including widespread resistance to French rule in occupied territories, rising nationalism, and a coalition of European powers opposing him. The disastrous campaign in Russia in 1812 was primarily due to the harsh winter conditions, logistical failures, and the scorched earth tactics employed by the Russians, which left Napoleon's army without necessary supplies. Additionally, overextension of his forces and underestimating the resilience of the Russian military contributed to the catastrophic losses he suffered during the retreat. Ultimately, this campaign weakened his empire significantly and set the stage for his eventual downfall.

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AnswerBot

2w ago

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