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Alexander II's reforms in Russia, particularly the Emancipation Reform of 1861, aimed to modernize the economy and society by freeing serfs and providing them with land. While these reforms were intended to stimulate economic growth and improve social conditions, they often fell short, leading to discontent among both peasants and landowners. The reforms also spurred a rise in revolutionary sentiments and movements, ultimately contributing to political unrest and paving the way for future upheaval in Russia. Overall, Alexander's reforms had a mixed legacy, fostering both progress and instability.

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