Axum was located in the area of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
kush
Axum, in Ethiopia.
Carthage was terminated in 146 BCE. Axum was from early in the following millennium.
Axum
Sudan
leading war with Nubia
athenian democracy APEX
The civilization that interrupted Axum's Red Sea trade was the rise of the Islamic Caliphates in the 7th century. The expansion of Islam led to the establishment of new trade routes and control over key ports, particularly along the Arabian Peninsula and the East African coast. This shift diminished Axum's influence in the region, as Muslim traders began to dominate maritime trade in the Red Sea. As a result, Axum's economy suffered due to the loss of trade dominance.
The ancient civilizations of North Africa are Kush, Egypt, Zimbabwe, and Axum
Textiles (apex)
Blocking its primary trade routes.