They gave up control of the Mandate of Palestine.
Israel and TransJordan
The area Israel controls was historically controld by many empires. Babylon, Persia, Rome, the Ottomans. After WW1, the League of Nations made it a British mandate. Britain controled it until it referred the conflict between Jews and Palestine to the UN which gave Israel independence in 1948 with the promise to give Palestine its own state.
Since Israel is not an American state, the Obama administration can't TELL Israel to do anything. It is very unlikely that any American president will ask Israel to give it's capital to another nation (the Muslims are not a nation of course, it's a religion. I assume you meant the Palestinians). it is possible to ask Israel to share Jerusalem with the future Palestinian state, or rather, to divide it.
They named it "Israel".
The British withdrew from the MANDATE FOR PALESTINE, which was not a sovereign country at any point prior to British control. It was a subservient territory to a number of prior empires.
In 1948, the state of Israel was formed to provide a homeland for the Jewish people. This establishment followed the historical persecution and displacement of Jews, particularly in Europe during the Holocaust. The creation of Israel aimed to create a safe and sovereign nation for Jews to return to and establish their identity and culture.
The effects of the report included the recognition of the equal status of legislation passed by Dominion parliaments with British legislation and that the British Parliament would only enact laws applying to a Dominion with the consent of that Dominion's government.
Israel was created in 1947 under UN Resolution 181, the main reasons for its creation is because of the increasing Zionist population and because of the Holocaust, Israel was created to give the Jewish survivors of the Holocaust a safe home to go to, and because Jerusalem is a holy site for the Jewish religion, they gave the Palestinian land, 55% to be exact.
I don't give any, but the US government gives Israel billions of dollars every year.
they are based in Washington and serve as a pressure group to have the government give funds to israel and better the image of israel in the US
The United States pressed its allies to vote in favor of UNGA Resolution 181 (II) which would give the Jews of Mandatory Palestine the right to declare an independent state (e.g. Israel). Unlike the Soviet Union, the United States did not provide an arms to nascent Israel.
Answer 1Your question as worded is nebulous and there are two different answers depending on what you are driving at.1) Why was the Biblical Kingdom of Israel/Judah situated where Israel, Jordan, and Palestine are currently situated? -- This is just a historical circumstance. This question is no different than "Why did the Japanese Empire start in Japan?". The Biblical Kingdom of Israel/Judah was constituted Israelites. They happened to be the indigenous people.2) Why did the World Zionist Conferences in the late 1890s choose the future British Mandate of Palestine as the place where the Modern Jewish State of Israel should be created? -- This was a calculated decision based on a number of factors: the land's sacredness to the Jewish people. The inability to make such a state in Europe where the neighbors were much more bellicose. The increased draw that a state in the Biblical territory would give to people desiring to populate the area. There are numerous other reasons, but those three are the most important.Further to this, Ahad Ha'am explains that the Jewish Soul is intrinsically connected to his history and in the same way that a German-American can never be as properly German as a German in Germany, the People of Israel can never be as properly Jewish if they are not in the Land of Israel. The relics in that land speak to a Jewish sensibility and character. There are also religious reasons as expounded by Rav Avraham Kook which posit that the development of a Jewish State in Israel hastens the arrival of the Messiah. There are additional political reasons why Palestine and not Europe, primarily because the Great Powers would not have acquiesced to another European State.Answer 2because in the Jews bible (which is called a Torah) this is where the state of Israel is.