It is called the Steppes.
The frozen ground forms a layer calledpermafrost
The frozen part of water is ice. Ice is the solid state of water when it reaches a temperature below 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit).
About 25% is permanently frozen.
Chechnya
Confusing - what do you mean by the 'small, separate part'? Until about 1860, Alaska (obviously separated from the rest of Russia by sea) was part of Russia, then it was sold to the USA.
russia
While the majority of Russia's coastline is along the Arctic ocean, not all of it is frozen. Russia has some of its coastline is in the Pacific ocean as well.
Major rivers in the European part of Russia are the Don, the Kama, and a river called the Volga. In the Asian part of Russia, some of the major rivers are the Ob, the Yenisey, the Angara, and the Irtysh.
A frozen peak is called an icecap.
The frozen desert is called Antarctica.
Up to the end of the twentieth cenury was the most of Siberia covered by permafrost. Chukotka was frozen even on the coastline. This situation partially changed due to global warming.
Generally, Asian part of Russia is considered all territory from Ural Mountains to the Far East (Sea of Okhotsk)