Quartz would be able to scratch fluorite, galena, and pyroxene as it is harder than these minerals on the Mohs scale of hardness.
Quartz is silicon dioxide (sand). Diamond is an allotropic form of carbon.
Quartz movement is more traditional. Kintetic quartz relies on different principles and is a bit more accurate.
Gneiss contains the minerals mica, quartz, feldspar, amphibole, garnet, and pyroxene.
Basalts are higher in plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, olivine and iron content than granites, which are typically higher in quartz, alkali feldspars, and micas.
The difference between quartzite and quartz is that quartzite is a metamorphic rock formed from sandstone under heat and pressure, while quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen. In quartzite, the grains of sandstone have been recrystallized into a interlocking mosaic of quartz crystals, giving it a more durable and non-porous nature compared to quartz.
Granite and diorite are both types of igneous rocks composed primarily of feldspar and quartz. The main difference between the two lies in their mineral composition—granite contains more quartz, while diorite contains more dark minerals like amphibole and pyroxene. In terms of color, granite is typically light in color (pink, white, or gray), whereas diorite is usually darker (gray to black).
Quartz scratches dolomite, while olivine scratches pyroxene.
Fused silica is an engineering-quality, amorphous version of quartz. Source: http://www.makeitfrom.com/material-data/?for=Fused-Silica-Fused-Quartz
Quartz, feldspar, mica, and pyroxene are common members of the silicate mineral family.
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