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Most of Russia's population, and its largest cities are found in the North European Plain, which is located west of the Ural Mountains, a part of European or Central Russia. It is estimated that seventy-five percent of the population lives in this region. Cities such as Moscow, and Saint Petersburg are historically, politically and economically important.

Moscow:

The country's capital originated as a Slavic settlement located along the Moskva River, a tributary of the Volga River (the fourth longest river in Russia). The Slavs have left their communities and settled in the area when the Mongols seized Kiev, the capital of the Kievan Rus, and the present-day capital of Ukraine. Afterwards, Moscow was the heart of Muscovy, a territory later ruled by Ivan III from the late 1400s to early 1500s.

Saint Petersburg:

In the 1680s to early 1700s, Tsar Peter I expanded his rule and founded Saint Petersburg, which lies along the Gulf of Finland, east of the Baltic Sea. The port city has developed trade between Russia and Europe. European influence became prominent during Empress Catherine's reign, as she continued to expand the borders, and gained access to the Black Sea.

Briefly, the North European Plain holds many resources, including chernozem, and waterways that have enabled the establishment of these two populous cities. Today, Moscow is Russia's largest city; preceded by Saint Petersburg, which has about five million people, and has a population slightly over ten million.

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