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Estonian Orthodox Church of Moscow Patriarchate was created in 1920.

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What are the 12 churches under the Orthodox Church?

There are not 12, but 15 autocephalous (self-governing) Eastern Orthodox Churches, all of which are in communion with each other. They are: 1) Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, 2) Patriarchate of Alexandria, 3) Patriarchate of Antioch, 4) Patriarchate of Jerusalem, 5) Moscow (Russian) Patriarchate, 6) Belgrade (Serbian) Patriarchate, 7) Romanian Patriarchate, 8) Bulgarian Patriarchate, 9) Georgian Patriarchate, 10) Church of Greece, 11) Church of Cyprus, 12) Church of Poland, 13) Church of Albania, 14) Church of Czech & Slovak, and 15) Orthodox Church in America.


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Is the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in union with the Antiochian Orthodox Church?

Depends which "Ukrainian Orthodox Church" you mean. If you mean the Autonomous Ukrainian Orthodox Church, which is self-ruld but under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church, the answer is "yes." If you mean the Ukrainian Orthodox parishes in the USA, Europe, and Australia which are under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople (although these are certainly NOT a "Ukrainian Orthodox Church," but simply Ukrainian Orthodox dioceses of the Patriarchate of Constantinople), the answer is "yes." If you mean any other Ukrainian Orthodox groups-whther one of the so-called variety of "Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox" Churches IN the Ukraine (some of which also now have parishes in the USA), or any of the plethora of vagante, fly by night, non-canoncial, possibly heretical, possibly occult groups in the US that include the words "Ukrainian" and "Orthodox" iin their names, the answer is "NO." See the question "is the Russian orthodox church in union with the ukrainian orthodox church" for more information


Is the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in union with the Russian Orthodox Church?

As with many questions, it depends . . . the Russian Orthodox Church is headed by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (the Russian Orthodox Church is often referred to as "the Moscow Patriarchate," or simply, "MP"). By "All Russia," of course, is meant all the lands that have been traditionally included in a Russian State. Ukraine has been included in Russian States for the past several hundred years. Ukraine only gained independence after the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. The Russian Orthodox Church has several hundred, if not thousands, of parishes in the Ukraine, under the designation of "The Ukrainian Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate." This jurisdiction is rather loose-the Ukrainian Church under the MP is considered an "Autonomous Church"-all the Bishops, as well as the Metropolitan (head of this Church) are voted on in Ukraine by Ukrainian Bishops; the MP has the "right of refusal" if a candidate is considered unworthy, but in practice, this happens very rarely. So, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church/Moscow Patriarchate, is indeed in union with the Russian Orthodox Church.


What is the church in constantinople called?

The Eastern Orthodox Church in Constantinople is called the Ecumenical Patriarchate, or is sometimes called the See of St Andrew (because it was founded by St Andrew).