The most notable laborsaving invention was the printing press, developed around 1450. One such press replaced hand-copying by hundreds of scribes.
In Europe, technological, cultural, and social developments had forced a dramatic transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics and the role of cavalry and artillery.
china
Because of the potatoes in Europe :)
The rebirth of trade in the late middle ages began in Europe, following endemic warfare, social unrest, and depopulation.
a shift from farming to industry
1) An expansion of manufacturing. 2) An increase in the importance of towns and cities. 3) A decline of the feudal way of life.
I am afraid not to understand the question. Do you mean Europe as a political entity (European Union) or Europe as a continent ?
They helped them
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Europe had significant advantages due to its geographic diversity, which facilitated trade and cultural exchange, and its access to vast resources. The region's historical developments, including the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution, spurred innovation and technological advancements. Additionally, Europe's political fragmentation encouraged competition and the rise of powerful nation-states, which fostered economic growth and colonial expansion. These factors combined to create a dynamic environment that propelled Europe ahead in various fields.
anything that was not like unitary, communism, oligarchy. they encourage democracy, republic.
Capitalism and Mercanttilism took place in Europe after the age of exploration.