The most notable laborsaving invention was the printing press, developed around 1450. One such press replaced hand-copying by hundreds of scribes.
In Europe, technological, cultural, and social developments had forced a dramatic transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics and the role of cavalry and artillery.
china
Because of the potatoes in Europe :)
a shift from farming to industry
The rebirth of trade in the late middle ages began in Europe, following endemic warfare, social unrest, and depopulation.
I am afraid not to understand the question. Do you mean Europe as a political entity (European Union) or Europe as a continent ?
They helped them
1) An expansion of manufacturing. 2) An increase in the importance of towns and cities. 3) A decline of the feudal way of life.
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anything that was not like unitary, communism, oligarchy. they encourage democracy, republic.
Capitalism and Mercanttilism took place in Europe after the age of exploration.
passing a series of neutrality acts