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Because all territories that include present-day state of California as well as all or parts of Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and Wyoming, and the Mexican peninsula of Baja California were known as the Californian Territories (Spanish: Territorios de California) when they were discovered by Spanish explorers in the 16th and 17th centuries. As it was a large expansion of land, it was divided in two regions: Upper California (the aforementioned US states) and Baja California, which spans the well-known peninsula.

After the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) the US occupied and later acquired all territories of Upper California.

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