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Both Antarctica and the Arctic have long periods of daylight followed by equally long periods of night. This is because they both lie at very high latitudes.

When the southern end of the Earth is pointing more towards the sun and giving the Southern Hemisphere its summer, the position of Antarctica means that the sun never actually sets below the horizon, but appears to circle around in the sky. No shadow is cast, which is all night actually is. At the same time, the arctic is having its long night, because the northern end is tilted so far away from the sun that the light does not reach it fully, or at all for a few weeks or months. The complete day and complete night do not last a full six months except at the absolute poles, but gradually the days lengthen a little - or shorten.

Sunsets beyond about 66 degrees S and 66 degrees N sets -- and rises -- over the course of six to eight weeks during spring and fall. Otherwise, the sun will either always be present or always be hidden.

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