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Long Island was named by the Venetian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524 during his voyage along the East Coast of the United States. The island was named after another island in the Adriatic Sea called Dugi Otok in Croatian (Isola Lunga in Italian) which was a possession of the Venetian Republic at the time, and is now a part of modern day Croatia.

Dugi Otok is one of the main islands on the Dalmatian coast and lies off the town of Zadar. Although Verrazzano was not a native of Dalmatia, many of his crew were Dalmatian Croats. The distinctive shape of Long Island reminded the crew members of the extremely similar Dugi Otok and thus it was named in its Italian version Isola Lunga.

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