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The republic of Ireland gained its independence during the war from 1918-1921.In 1921 a treaty was signed (the Anglo Irish treaty),the island was divided in two due to political and religious deferences.The republic of Ireland making up about 80 percent of the island has a huge catholic and nationalist (loyal to Ireland) community.Northern Ireland has a small protestant and unionist majority (loyal to Britan).If the brits gave the nationalists all of Ireland the unionists would have likely attacked the republic and Britan for betraying them.If the Brits didnt negotiate the Irish republican army (IRA) had been growing in strengh and more deadly ambushes.The British govenment where becoming more unpopular and had to act, and so the treaty was signed.

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