The small brown bird with a white stripe on its head is called a White-crowned Sparrow.
The small bird with a black stripe on its head is called a chickadee.
The small grey bird with a black eye stripe is called a junco.
The black bellied plover is a bird that has a black stripe down its throat joining a black belly that is bordered by white brown speckled all over and is about as big as a lapwing. It is typically found in Massachusetts and British Columbia.
maybe a gyrfalcon
Banana
magpie
Turkey vultures
Sounds like a humming bird.
cedar waxwing
brown and white
The bird which you are referring to may very well be a snow bunting. Before snow is on the ground, these small birds have more light brown coloring. In the heart of Winter, more of their feathers are white.
Check field guide for eastern goldfinch, or yellowthroat, a small warbler.