getting his proposed legislation passed
This all depends on the Congress and the President. If the president's party has the majority in Congress, he generally works with the majority leaders to get his agenda through Congress. If the president's party is the minority party in Congress, he uses two tools: obstructionism from the minority leadership (the filibuster, and loading up bills with things the majority hates in an attempt to get them tabled), and the veto.
No, not generally. The President has no legal connection to Congress. A president whose party gets a big majority in Congress has a lot of say over Congress, but it is mo tly because of respect or of party demands. Every President has some power over Congress because of the veto and because of appointments, but when the Congress is from the opposing party, his power over them is rather limited.
A bill passes, in theory, with a majority of 50% + 1. If a President opposes a bill, he can veto it. Then the only way it can become law is if both houses of Congress vote by a 2/3 majority to override the veto.
He had a large majority of Democrats in Congress -apex
The president can veto any bill that congress submits to him. By refusing to sign a bill into law, the president can prevent a law of which he disapproves. If the president vetoes a bill, the congress can override the veto, but it takes a 2/3 majority vote to accomplish this. This is very difficult.
Jimmy Carter
a two-thirds majority
with a two thirds majority vote
a. congressional majority of the president party
The US Congress can pass a law despite a President's veto by vote of a 2/3 majority in each House of the Congress.
If congress gets a two/thirds majority, then they can override the president's veto.
A majority vote of both houses of congress