Adjusting entries in the accounting process affect a lot of different accounts. It can affect any asset, liability, or accruals and deferrals accounts.
Adjusting entries affect at least one income statementand one balance sheet
Yes it will, because all adjusting entries affect at least one income statement account and one balance sheet account.
Adjusting entries have to be made because a company's assets, expenses, and liabilities never stay the same from one accounting period to another. I will try to give you at least two examples of why adjusting entries must be made.Example 1.A customer purchases items on account for the amount of $500. When the sale is first made the company records this transaction in sales and accounts receivable. Let's just say it's the end of the month and the customer pays $250 on the amount she owes. The company must then make the adjusting entries to show that not only did they receive the money, but to show that the customer paid. An adjusting entry for the $250 will be made to CASH and the appropriate Accounts Receivable.If the company did not make this adjusting entry, then the books would show them as not having collected any money from the customer and not only would the customers account be incorrect, the Cash balance for the company would be off.---- Example 2.A company pays for 12 months insurance. Each month part of what they paid expires, they have to make adjusting entries to this as each month of insurance expires to show that they have used that amount. Say the company pays $480 a year, each month $40 of that would expire (or be used up), the company must make adjusting entries to show that this has occurred or their Prepaid insurance account and expenses will not reflect what the company has actually done.
There is always two entries at minimum. Remember the accounting equation... Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity (Stockholders Equity) For every action that must be an equal and opposite reaction. Simply put for every Debit there must be an equal Credit. So there has to be at least two entries, one debit and one credit.
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Adjusting entries typically update one income statement account and one balance sheet account. For example, when recording accrued revenues, the accounts receivable (balance sheet) and revenue (income statement) accounts are adjusted. Similarly, when recognizing prepaid expenses, the prepaid expense (balance sheet) and expense (income statement) accounts are adjusted. These adjustments ensure that financial statements accurately reflect the company's financial position and performance.
The trial balance is just that, a "trial" balance. It shows where the company stands at a certain point in time. the "adjusted trial balance" does the same thing with one slight difference, it's the balance after all adjusting entries are made. These entries may include, the expiration of pre-paid insurance, payments received and the closing of the books for the period. For example, you can begin your month with a trial balance, to ensure everything is correct, at the end of the month you have made all your adjusting entries and transactions, after this point you want to have your adjusted trial balance (because entries have been "adjusted" for the period)
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In the minimum accounting entries, at least two accounts are involved due to the double-entry accounting system. This system requires that every transaction affects at least one debit and one credit, ensuring that the accounting equation (Assets = Liabilities + Equity) remains balanced. Thus, the minimum is two accounts, but more can be involved depending on the complexity of the transaction.
The likelihood of winning an online sweepstakes depends on how many entries one has, and how many total entries are in the sweepstakes. For example, if there are 100 total entries, and one has 5 entries into the sweepstakes, that person has a 5% chance of winning the prize. As with any contest, the more entries one has, and the smaller the total number of entries is, the better one's chances are.
I will give two examples but first I will give the original transaction then the "adjusting entry" that would be used.Prepaid Rent, many businesses that "rent" their buildings prepay for months at a time. Say you pay $5,000 a month for rent and you pay Six Months in Advance. It first goes on the books as follows.Prepaid Rent (Debit) $30,000Cash (credit) $30,000After the first month when the company reconciles their books, they need to show that one month of this rent has been "used up", this is an adjusting entry and is as followsRent Expense (debit) $5,000 (we only used one month)Prepaid Rent (credit) $5,000This "adjustment" is made monthly.The second one I will use isYour company purchased a computer on account. When you purchased the computer on account it became an account payable. You decide to make a payment toward the balance you owe, this will go in as an adjusting entry. The accounts would beAccount Payable (debit)Cash (credit)An adjusting entry is just what it's called, an entry to "adjust" an previous entry to it's current or new state. If you never adjusted entries, such as accounts payable, prepaid expense, etc, then your books would be inaccurate.