He was a slave whose owner had taken him to live in a free state for a time, before they returned to slave country.
When his owner died, he was left, as property, to the dead man's family. Scott tried to sue for his freedom on the 'Once free, always free' principle, but was told he should have applied while he was living on free soil.
He appealed against this judgment, but the local judges had never dealt with this kind of application before, and it ended up in the Supreme Court.
This court, under the elderly Chief Justice, Roger Taney, delivered an astonishing verdict - that slavery was legal in every state of the Union, because the Founding Fathers had declared that a man's property (including his slaves) was sacred.
This divided the nation even more deeply, and brought war closer.
The slave's name was Dred Scott
The Supreme Court case Dred Scott v. Sanford did not decide if Dred Scott was a slave or not, but that slaves (and their descendants) could not be counted as US citizens and had no right to sue in court.
in the Washington D.C. Supreme Court
That Scott had no right to argue in court
The Supreme Court met in Washington, D.C. when it decided the Dred Scott case. It has met in Washington for every case since February 1801.
Dred Scott
The Dred Scott case!!
supreme court of Missouri
Dred Scott's case made it to the Supreme Court because he sued for his freedom after living in a free state and a free territory with his owner. The case went through several lower courts before ultimately being appealed to the Supreme Court.
The ruling in the Dred Scott case allowed slave owners to take their slaves with them into the Western territories of the United States.
Dred Scott.
Dred Scott case