Sales tax
Usually such money is called "taxes".
Yes, they are paid partially by your tax money.
Taxes are money that gets paid to the government.
45% of the amount that is being paid
yes sir
The government is not going to get their money. They will have to be satisfied that there are no assets in the estate and that no one else got paid.
Yes, Chrysler took out a private loan and paid off the US government.
Some companies paid them money to ignore these problems.
Perpetual government debt (to be paid by the next elected party, and so on).
income tax
Money paid to the individual by their employer over a specific time period.
Grant-in-Aid