light and heat energy occur in a light bulb when it is turned on.
In a light bulb, electrical energy is transformed into light energy and heat energy.
Heat and light
When a light bulb is turned on, electrical energy is transformed into light (radiant) energy and heat energy. This conversion process results in changes in energy form but the total energy remains constant, following the law of conservation of energy.
When an electric light shines, electrical energy is converted into light energy and heat energy. The electrical energy is converted into light energy, which is the main purpose of the light bulb, while some of the energy is also released as heat energy due to the resistance in the light bulb filament.
When a battery is connected to a bulb, chemical energy in the battery is converted into electrical energy, which flows through the circuit and into the bulb. The electrical energy is then converted into light and heat energy by the filament in the bulb, allowing the bulb to light up.
In a compact fluorescent light bulb, electrical energy is transformed into light energy through the excitation of mercury vapor atoms inside the bulb. Some electrical energy is also transformed into heat energy due to resistance in the bulb's circuitry and the phosphor coating on the bulb.
Light energy (EM visible radiation) plus thermal energy (through heating the bulb filament)
In a flashlight, electrical energy from the battery is converted into light energy and heat energy in the bulb. The battery provides the electrical energy, which powers the light bulb to produce both light and heat.
It is called the 'filament'.
filament
As an electron moves through a light bulb, its potential energy changes due to interactions with the electric field. This change in potential energy is converted into light and heat energy, which powers the light bulb.