What was James Madison's extended republic?

Answer 1

James Madison's concept of the "extended republic" refers to his idea that a larger, more diverse republic would be better at controlling factions and protecting individual rights than smaller republics. In Federalist No. 10, he argued that a large republic would dilute the influence of any single faction, making it less likely for one group to dominate and oppress others. By expanding the sphere of governance, Madison believed that the variety of interests and opinions would contribute to a more stable and just political system. This idea was foundational in shaping the structure of the U.S. government and its approach to balancing majority rule with minority rights.