Miranda v. Arizona, (1966) didn't affect the Fourteenth Amendment; the Fourteenth Amendment allowed the US Supreme Court's decision to be applied to the states via the Due Process Clause.
All of them. The Free Exercise and Establishment clauses of the First Amendment have both been applied against the states through the Fourteenth Amendment. Some states have state constitutional provisions which provide individuals with additional protection, but everyone enjoys the First Amendment's basic guarantees.
The Fourteenth Amendment's phrases forbidding state action that deprived any person of liberty or property could be applied to businesses that were seen as "persons" in the eyes of the law.
The fourteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution lists almost all of the civil liberties provided to American citizens. These liberties were applied to every state government through the incorporation process.
Total Incorporation or full incorporation
The Fourteenth Amendment has been used to selectively incorporate the Bill of Rights to the states, most frequently via the Due Process Clause, although the Equal Protection Clause has also been used. An earlier Supreme Court decision prevented the Bill of Rights from being applied to the states via the Privileges and Immunities Clause.
The US Supreme Court has applied most of the first eight amendments in the Bill of Rights to the States through the doctrine of "selective incorporation" primarily via the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause.
The 14th Amendment's guarantee of "equal protection under the law" demands that application of law be the same regardless of the citizen it is being applied to. In the case of the death penalty, protestors have claimed that system is biased by race, sex and socioeconomic status and as a result fails to be applied in an equal manner.
You have the right to remain silent (protection against self-incrimination under the Fifth Amendment).You have the right to consult with an attorney and to have an attorney present during questioning (right to counsel under the Sixth Amendment).If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed to you (Sixth Amendment right to counsel applied via the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses).
Using the process of "selective incorporation," the US Supreme Court has applied most of the Bill of Rights to the States via the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses. The Second and Seventh Amendment have not yet been incorporated.
the fifteenth amendment applied to woman as well
Yes. Miranda v. Arizona, (1966) was primarily a Fifth Amendment case requiring police to inform anyone in their custody of their Fifth Amendment right to remain silent (under the self-incrimination clause), but also invoked the Sixth Amendment right to an attorney before being interrogated and during questioning, unless the detainee waives that right.The decision in Miranda was applied to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause.