Inspiratory Reserve Volume
respiratory system
The maximum amount of air you can exhale after normal exhalation is fittingly called the expiratory reserve volume. The actual amount of air can vary from person to person, depending on size the of thoracic cavity and fitness level.
The residual volume is the portion of air in the respiratory tract that cannot be exhaled.
The amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled in one breath during unforced breathing is the tidal volume.
Respiratory volume is defined as how much air a person can hold in their lungs. Respiratory volume can be measured by having the person take a deep breath, and blow out into a device that measures air capacity.
The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is the largest tube in the respiratory tract. It carries air from the larynx to the bronchi and is essential for the passage of air into the lungs for respiration.
The volume of air inhaled or exhaled during each respiratory cycle is known as tidal volume. It typically ranges from 500 to 700 milliliters in healthy adults.
Dead space volume
The larges component of air - is Nitrogen (approximately 79 % by volume).
The ERV is the expiratory reserve volume, which is the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation.
Minute ventilation is the total volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled in one minute. It is calculated by multiplying the tidal volume (amount of air moved in or out of the lungs in one breath) by the respiratory rate (number of breaths taken per minute). Minute ventilation is an important measure of lung function and respiratory health.
I think you mean the diaphragm, and that's part of the respiratory system. It's a muscle below the lungs, and when it tightens, it increases the volume of the cavity the lungs are in, so the lungs increase in volume as well, and air rushes into the lungs.