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Why Jan., 20th? The 20th Amendment. This amendment's primary purpose was to reduce the amount of time between the election of the President and Congress and the beginning of their terms. Originally, the terms of the President, the Vice President, and the Congress began on March 4, four months after the elections were held. While this lapse was a practical necessity during the 18th century, at which time a newly elected official might need several months to put his affairs in order and then undertake the arduous journey from his home to the national capital, it had the effect of impeding the functioning of government in the modern age. This was seen most notably in 1861 and 1933, as http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln and http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt each had to wait approximately four months before they could deal with the crisis conditions the country was in.

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