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The Southern states fought to expand slavery. Although only 1/4th of the southern whites owned slaves, the ones that did derived a lot of power from their labor and thus were the major political power in the south. The southern states' succession speeches are all consumed in the issue of slavery. Most don't even mention any other topic other than slavery and the ones that do only mention it in regards to slavery or the desire to spread slavery into U.S. territorial land.

The North, on the other hand, is more complicated. Although there were certainly full on abolitionist who full-heartedly believed in the abolishment of slavery, most Northern whites probably did not fight to end slavery at first. Many may not have really liked blacks and some thought that slavery "kept blacks in their place." However, the northern people saw the southern slave owners as wanting an aristocratic caste power structure that the southern slave owners perpetuated in the south. This didn't sit well with the average northerner and the fact that the southern slave owners refused to accept a president legally elected by a majority vote only served to support the notion that the South wanted an oligarchy ruled by a minority elite class rather than the democratic-republic of the "Union" where each [white] man was equal. The taking away of slaves from the Confederate states was more of a punishment of the southern social and political elites by taking away their source of power (the slaves) rather than a rejection of slavery because Union slave states like Kentucky were allowed to keep their slaves until the 13th and 14th amendments were passed.

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11y ago

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