What strategy did John D. Rockefeller use to strengthen Standard Oil?

Answer 1

John D. Rockefeller strengthened Standard Oil through a strategy of horizontal integration, which involved consolidating numerous oil refineries into a single entity to eliminate competition. He also employed aggressive pricing tactics, such as underselling competitors to gain market share, and negotiated favorable transportation rates with railroads. Additionally, Rockefeller implemented efficient operational practices and economies of scale to reduce costs and maximize profits. These strategies collectively allowed Standard Oil to dominate the oil industry in the United States.