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During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), African Americans achieved significant gains, including the abolition of slavery through the 13th Amendment and the establishment of citizenship and voting rights via the 14th and 15th Amendments. Many black individuals began to hold public office, with figures like Hiram Revels and Blanche K. Bruce serving in Congress. Additionally, African Americans founded schools and churches, fostering community and education. Despite these advancements, systemic racism and violence, particularly from groups like the Ku Klux Klan, ultimately undermined many of these gains.

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