"The plantar surface of the distal forelimb" is the simple terminology, although it is medical terminology rather than common-use English.
The plantar surface is the side of the foot where the pads are; the distal forelimb is the part of the front leg that is furthest from the shoulder.
Based upon the reference to "bpm", I am guessing you are looking for directions on palpating the pulse of the dog. You should gently slide the tips of your fingers over the hollow spot at the joint between the paw and the last long leg bone. There are two small but superficial (close to the skin) arteries there that you can measure a pulse rate from.
distal surface.
In younger people the plantar fascia is also intimately related to the Achilles tendon, with a continuous fascial connection between the two from the distal aspect of the Achilles to the origin of the plantar fascia at the calcaneal tubercle. However, the continuity of this connection decreases with age to a point that in the elderly there are few, if any connecting fibers.
The meniscus covers the distal surface of the femur where it meets the tibia. This cartilage provides smooth movement and shock absorption.
The anterior surface of the distal end of the pancreas is located adjacent to the stomach, the duodenum, and the spleen. This area is called the pancreatic head, and it lies in close proximity to several vital digestive organs.
The Flexor Hallucis Longus muscle. It's role is to flex all the joints in the big toe and helps to produce plantar flexion in the foot. It's proximal attachment is the lower two-thirds of the posterior surface of the fibula.
Proximal to distal (arterial) - aorta, common iliac, external iliac, common femoral, superficial femoral, popliteal, (trifurcation to) perneal, anterior and posterior tibial, deep plantar, dorsal digital. Distal to proximal (venous) - dorsal digital, great saphenous, external iliac, common iliac, inferior vena cava Proximal to distal (arterial) - aorta, common iliac, external iliac, common femoral, superficial femoral, popliteal, (trifurcation to) perneal, anterior and posterior tibial, deep plantar, dorsal digital. Distal to proximal (venous) - dorsal digital, great saphenous, external iliac, common iliac, inferior vena cava
The fossa on the distal posterior surface of the humerus is the olecranon fossa. It is located above the trochlea and accommodates the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow is extended. It helps to increase the range of motion of the elbow joint.
The distal process on the medial tibial surface is also known as the medial malleolus. It is a bony prominence located on the inner side of the ankle joint where the tibia articulates with the talus bone of the foot. The medial malleolus helps stabilize the ankle joint and provides attachment points for ligaments that support the joint.
It's the arch in a medial to lateral direction on the plantar surface of the foot(concave). The distal intertarsal joints make up the arch. The arch/bones of the arch have a primary function of providing stability across the midfoot. A bit more abstract: They also provide aid in pronation/supination OR inversion/eversion if you would rather, by maintaining stability during those motions.
The proximal attachment of the anconeus muscle is the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, while the distal attachment is the olecranon process of the ulna. The anconeus muscle plays a role in assisting the triceps brachii muscle in extending the forearm at the elbow joint.
It's the arch in a medial to lateral direction on the plantar surface of the foot(concave). The distal intertarsal joints make up the arch. The arch/bones of the arch have a primary function of providing stability across the midfoot. A bit more abstract: They also provide aid in pronation/supination OR inversion/eversion if you would rather, by maintaining stability during those motions.
Proximal is the opposite of distal.