antitoxin
Antiserum can provide immediate passive immunity to specific pathogens by delivering preformed antibodies. It can be used in emergency situations to treat venomous bites or infections. It is also effective in preventing certain diseases, such as rabies, in individuals who may have been exposed.
The major advantage of antiserum is its ability to provide immediate immunity or treatment by containing pre-formed antibodies specific to a particular antigen. This allows for rapid immune response against pathogens or toxins.
antitoxin
It would provide passive immunity because the recipient is not generating their antibodies against that specific antigen. Instead, they are receiving pre-formed antibodies from the plasma proteins of the donor, offering immediate protection.
Active immunity is long term protection that generally lasts 20-30 years and passive immunity is immediate protection. there are two forms, naturally acquired and artificially acquired. in active immunity the naturally acquired immunity is when you suffer from the disease then recover again. the artificially acquired way is by getting a vaccination. in passive immunity, the naturally acquired way is to receive antibodies from mother in pregnancy and breastfeeding, the artificial way is to have antibodies injected in a serum for immediate response for example when you have been bitten by a poisonous animal. note they are not vaccinated.
Passive immunity is the transfer of ready-made antibodies from one individual to another. This can occur naturally, such as when a baby receives antibodies from its mother through breast milk, or artificially, through the administration of antibodies derived from another individual or animal to provide protection against a specific pathogen. The immunity provided by passive transfer is temporary and does not result in long-lasting protection.
Receiving antivenom after a snake bite would be an example of passive immunity, where antibodies are transferred from another source (in this case, the antivenom) to provide immediate protection against the venom.
Theoretically it is possible to get antibodies from the serum of recovered patient of H1N1. But it will be available in very less quantity. Second question is to whom you will give these antibodies. Thirdly the protection will not be lasting. As this is passive immunity.
Adaptive immunity requires white blood cells. These cells, including T cells and B cells, play a key role in recognizing and attacking specific pathogens to provide a targeted response to infections. Innate immunity, on the other hand, provides immediate, nonspecific defense mechanisms against a wide range of pathogens but does not require white blood cells for its function.
Both active and passive immunity provide protection against infections and diseases by enabling the body to recognize and respond to pathogens. They involve the immune system's production of antibodies, although active immunity results from the body's own immune response to an infection or vaccination, while passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from another source, such as maternal antibodies or intravenous immunoglobulin. Additionally, both types can help prevent illness and can be crucial in providing immediate or long-term protection.
There are no similarities. Vaccines are intended to stimulate the immune system to reject the virus. Anti-viral drugs are used once the patient has the infection. They work completely differently. Some treatments give passive immunity by infusing antibodies while giving a vaccine so the body will provide an active immunity at a later time. Passive immunity fades with time. Active immunity renews itself.
The administration of a vaccine stimulates the body to produce a longer lasting type of immunity called "adaptive immunity." This type of immunity involves the production of specific antibodies and memory cells that provide long-term protection against the targeted pathogen.