How did the Persian Wars affect the Greek people especially the Athenian?

Answer 1

After the Persians agreed to peace, Athens converted the Delian League, which it had led against the Persian Empire, into an empire of its own, continuing to collect the war funds by force and using them for its own benefit, with lavish buildings, arts and putting half its people on the public payroll.

It became overconfident, interfered in the affairs of other cities and brought on the devastating Peloponnesian War, which it lost and was stripped of its empire, becoming a second rate power.

Answer 2

They paused their usual wars between each other to repel the Persians, then went back to fighting with increased ferocity after the Persian agreed to peace. Athens converted the Delian League into an empire of its own, lived high on the proceeds, and used the military and naval strength to try to dominate the Greek world.

This resulted in the davastating 27-year Peloponnesian War which Athens lost and was stripped of its empire. Inter-Greek arfare continued on for another 50 years, giving Macedonia the chance to take control of the debilitated Greek city-states.