A square column is commonly referred to as a "square column" or "square pillar." In architectural terms, it may also be called a "post" or "column" when describing its structural function. Additionally, if it is a decorative feature, it might be referred to as a "pedestal" or "pier."
you call a traveling salesperson a pillar
pokeflute
you have to call it, but you have to be a wolf
They call a square a square.
People call it the Stone Age because of the about of stone tools at the time.
A few names apply depending on context. Mosques have Minarets, Dublin city has a spire and Cairo has Obelisks.
Key-stone
You call them principal square roots.
It is the keystone.
Throwing a stone is commonly referred to as "casting" or simply as "throwing."
a quarry