You have to use an iron pickaxe. Then you can smelt the gold in a furnace to get a gold ingot.
It's the default mode of minecraft, you need to collect your own resources and hunt animals to get food to feed yourself.
It's not possible to receive/collect all of the blocks or items in Minecraft using survival mode. You can gather most of them however by mining, roaming, and finding dungeons and abandoned mine-shafts.
Survival mode is a mode in minecraft where you have to collect your own blocks, get your own food, and survive! Be careful at night because that's when monsters come out! If a monster attacks you, you will lose your lives and have to start over by losing the blocks you had in your possession. Basically, you have to "survive" on your own without unlimited supplies.
To fly in survival mode you need to craft the eye of ender
Yes.
There is nothing obligatory about minecraft; there is nothing you should get.
NOPE
#$# $#$ #$# # = Gunpowder $ = Sand
Yes.
of course
Yes, in survival mode.
You dont, unless you have the single player commands mod. Which i suggest you download. That is, if you want to enter cheat codes in survival mode minecraft.