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The contingents from the Greek city-states held the pass to force the Persians to try to turn the defence from the sea. The Greek navy was lying in wait as they wanted a sea battle to destroy the Persian fleet and so leave the Persian army without supply and support. Loss of the fleet would also mean that the amphibious threat to the Greek cities would be gone, and they could sen out their armies to join up and fight a land battle.

A sea battle went on for three days and the Greeks lost. As its mission was over, the land force holding the pass returned to their cities. The Spartan and Thespian contingents remained behind to cover their withdrawal and were all destroyed.

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