They united 180 Greek city-states into several alliances, the first led by Sparta, the next led by Athens.
Militarism, alliances, Imperialism, and nationalism European countries entered into military alliances that required them to protect one another from attacks. This led to escalation as more countries were drawn into the war.
Alexander the Great's 10 year military conquest was terminal.
It converted the Delian League cities it had led against the Persian Empire into an empire of its own, and ruthlessly used its financial and military resources for its own benefit and power.
The Persian Gulf War was prompted by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August 1990. This led to a coalition of countries, led by the United States, launching a military operation to liberate Kuwait in January 1991.
There were alliances between them, which shifted according to circumstances. As the Persian threat emerged, they took sides, some with Persia, a couple of dozen led by Sparta, against Persia.
By the Persian king Xerxes.
Alexander the Great defeated numerous great armies during his conquests. Some of the notable victories include the defeat of the Persian Empire led by Darius III at the Battle of Gaugamela, the conquest of the Egyptian and Persian forces at the Battle of Issus, and the defeat of the Indian army led by King Porus at the Battle of Hydaspes. These victories solidified Alexander's status as one of history's greatest military commanders.
On tthe Persian side, the Persian king. On the Greek side, first Sparta, then Athens.
He seized the city of Tehran with almost no opposition in 1921.
Darius I led the Persians in the First Persian War. Xerxes I led them in the Second.
Persia lost the battles of Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, which led to Alexander's takeover of the Persian Empire.