What routes allows rain falling on the catchment to reach the channel rapidly?

Answer 1

Rain falling on a catchment can reach the channel rapidly through several routes, including surface runoff, where water flows over the land's surface directly into streams and rivers. Additionally, subsurface flow can occur when water infiltrates the soil and moves laterally through the soil layers towards the channel. Urban areas with impervious surfaces also contribute to rapid runoff, as rainwater cannot be absorbed, leading to increased flow into drainage systems. Finally, shallow groundwater flow can quickly transport water to the channel, especially in areas with high water tables.