In general, no. There are some special cartridges made that do not contain gunpowder, but have a larger than normal amount of priming compound. This explosive takes the place of gunpowder for very short range shooting. The exception, of course, is an airgun. They use compressed air or compressed gas in place of gunpowder. There ARE very powerful airguns made that are not toys, but will fire a bullet hard enough to kill deer.
It's the recoil from the force of the bullet being fired. The gun powder pushes the bullet forward and also equally pushes the gun back into your hand.
Gun powder.
No. Yes. All you have to do is strike the bullet's primer with a sharp corner of the gun.
It can be done, but what you're describing is a rather dangerous process. You'd be better off just to buy new ammo for it.
Firing pin strikes primer, primer ignites powder, powder burns and turns into gas, gas expands and pushes projectile out of the barrel
Gun Powder + Metal
All firearms need: A projectile such as a bullet, gun powder to propel the bullet out of the barrel of the gun, and a cartridge to hold them together. Gun powder only explodes and the force from the explosion propels the bullet out of the barrel, basically. The cartridge is disposed of thereafter. A bullet will not move unless the gunpowder behind it explodes. This is the basic operation of a firearm/rifle.
The only way to be certain is to remove the bullet with a bullet puller, empty out the powder, and weigh it.
Not very far - several feet, perhaps, depending on a few things like caliber and what sets it off. The nature of Physics dictates that the lighter component will be launched. Generally the case (brass) is the part that is lighter. Smokeless powder burns, it does not explode. The burning of the powder in a restricted space (the chamber/barrel of a gun) enables pressures to rise and propel the bullet as significant velocity. Outside of these confines, the powder is not able to develop significant pressure. The inertia of the heavier component (often times the bullet) causes it to move very little. The lighter component will be launched but at a significantly reuced velocity from that which the gun barrel will propel the bullet. I have seen ammunition that "cooked off" in a fire. Generally the bullet is still in the case (brass) but the primer is the part that was propelled.
When you fire most guns, the gun will eject the brass cartridge the holds the bullet, gun powder, and primer. The firing pin of the gun hits the primer at the base of the cartridge, which ignites the gun powder and fires the bullet. As the explosion occurs and the bullet leaves the barrel of gun, the mechanism of the gun uses the explosion's energy to eject the now empty brass cartridge.'Policing the brass' means to pick up the spent cartridges after your done firing.
Depends on the bullet weight AND the type of powder used.
None of the above. A black powder gun uses a lead ball or conical bullet that is packed into the breech on top of the powder with a small piece of cloth wadding. These bullets are solid, and have no built-in primer like modern firearms. In a black powder firearm, the powder is in a small bowl on the top of the firearm. The spark from the spring-loaded flintlock strikes the frizzen, dropping a shower of sparks onto the gun powder.