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When a bullet is fired from a rifled firearm, the rifling leaves marks on the bullet. Those marks are unique to that gun, and no other gun makes exactly the same marks. If a bullet (or fired cartridge casing) is recovered from a crime scene, and we suspect that YOUR gun was used to commit this crime, then a sample bullet is fired from your gun, and compared to the crime scene bullet. A comparison microscope is used to compare the bullets, or marks made on the fired cartridge case by the extractor and firing pin.

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