Best left to a gunsmith
There is no such weapon.
Revolver or semi-auto?
38 special is only a revolver caliber. that's like saying a 44 magnum revolver or a 500 special revolver. a revolver is a revolver
There can be more or less than 12 depending on the specific revolver and just how far down you disassemble it.
It depends on what you mean. A .38 revolver may be a .38 special, but there are other types of .38 besides just the special round.
Yes, you can shoot .38 caliber ammunition in a .357 revolver because the .357 revolver is designed to also shoot .38 caliber ammunition.
A ".38 +P revolver" is simply a .38 Special revolver which is rated to fire +P loads. It's still a .38 Special, and the +P doesn't change the dimensions of the round itself.
No
Have to know if it's a revolver or semi-automatic in order to answer.
Best left to a gunsmith
Yes, you can shoot a .38 Special bullet from a .38 revolver, as the revolver is specifically designed to handle that caliber. The .38 Special is a common cartridge used in revolvers, and most .38 revolvers are chambered for this round. However, ensure that the revolver is in good condition and rated for the specific loads being used to ensure safety.