Depends entirely on who made it.
Single shot, bolt action, pump, semi-auto,
Mossberg, Savage, Remington, Winchester, Marlin, .22 caliber rifles. They could be lever action, bolt action, pump, or semi auto.
Book of Bolt Action Rifles should help
The 243 Winchester caliber was introduced in the model 70 bolt action and the model 88 lever action rifles in the year 1955 by Winchester.
No.
It is possible, yes.
Are you asking about double rifles,rook rifles or bolt action.
Yes.
No.
Earlier rifle designs did not have adequate strength for high powered cartridges. The bolt action is a very strong action, and is also a very accurate rifle. Bolt action rifles are used for hunting, target shooting, and for military sniper rifles.
Winchester made numerous bolt action 22 rifles.
Also known as 7.62 NATO, this was the standard full powered rifle caliber for all NATO nations. Rifles included the M14, the British L1A1, the Belgian FN FAL, and even India had a bolt action version of the Enfield in that caliber. It is also used in the M60 machinegun, various sniper rifles, etc.