No. The .243 is a larger calibre, and the parent case is the .308 Winchester, necked down to accept the smaller projectile. It's considerably more powerful than the .223.
.223
The AR 15 is a rifle, not a caliber. the .223 is a caliber. Usually the AR-15 is made in caliber .223.
Yes. Significantly.
WHICH rifle? There is more than one type made in this caliber.
.223 caliber or 5.56mm.
I'm not familair with a rilfe known as a 227, but in general, no one caliber is "better" than another caliber- they are useful for different things.
Yes
It depends on what you mean. Strictly speaking, a .223 cartridge has a .22 caliber bullet, but when people say .22, they are usually referring to .22 Short, Long Rifle, or Magnum cartridge, which is different than .223.
The 223 is considered a Short Action rifle.
Noop.A .223 means 22.3/100ths of an inch,A 30-06 means a .30 caliber (30/100ths of an inch), that was introduced/patented in 1906.
1000m
It looks like if it is a centerfire caliber you can use it. So, yes you can use a .223 caliber rifle.