Let's use the correct term. The 7mm Mauser fires a 7x57 CARTRIDGE. The bullet is just the part that comes out of the barrel at high speed. The 7x57 name means that it fires a bullet that is 7mm in diameter from a cartridge case that is 57mm long.
In the vicinity of .270 - 290 inches. For example, the 7x57 Mauser has a bullet diameter of 7.24mm or .285 inches, but due to a different measuring method, was sold commercially as the .275 Rigby.
Depends on condition, model year, coat of arms on receiver, rifle or carbine, manufacturer, etc. $50 to $700. Email me with specifics if you'd like.
Depends on the country of origin.
Size of the bullet
They're different cartridges. The 7 mm Mauser a.k.a. 7x57 mm a.k.a. .275 Rigby, developed in year 1892 in Germany, uses a bullet of 7 mm / .284" in diameter, while the .30-06 is a 7,62 mm/.308" bore caliber. The .30-06 has a bigger case and thus is a bit more powerful. For all practical purposes, both calibers perform rather similar. They're versatile, accurate and highly successful in the game fields, provided the hunter behind the rifle does his job. For non-dangerous game hunted at reasonable ranges either one serves well.
As far as I know, the Chilean Mausers were all 7x57. To be 100% certain (and to make certain the chamber wasn't reamed out to fire some other cartridge), take it to a gunsmith have have them take precise chamber and bore measurements.
I think you mean .32 caliber, not mm. It means that the gun fires a bullet that is about 32/100ths of an inch in diameter. A 9mm fires a bullet 9mm in diameter- or about .35 inches in diameter. A 32 mm bullet would be about the size of big (D cell) flashlight battery!
Ball's book should have what you are looking for.
It depends on the bullet weights. The 9 mm (AKA 9x19 mm, 9 mm Luger, or 9 mm Parabellum) is faster than the .380 ACP (AKA 9 mm Kurz) except when you compare the lightest .380 bullets to the heaviest 9 mm bullets. If you compare the same bullet weights in each, the 9 mm is always faster.
11.5 mm bullet diameter
The diameter of the bullet casing, measured at 7.3 mm, is 7.3 millimeters.
Yes they is a differnent. When people say "38" they usually mean .38 special, which is a revolver cartridge. .380 ACP is a semi-automatic cartridge. The bullet in a .380 cartridge, even though it's called .380, is actually very slightly smaller in diameter, and lighter than the bullet in a .38 cartridge. The .38 bullet is 0.357 inches in diameter while the .380 is 0.350 inches in diameter. Technically, the .380 cartridge is considered part of the 9 mm class of bullets. [9 mm x 19 mm = 9 mm Luger or 9 mm Parabellum, 9 mm x 18 mm = 9 mm Tokarov, and 9 mm x 17 mm = .380 ACP]