Several different people at different times. See the link below for a history of the bullpup-
norc bullpup and Norinco T97 Bullpup are some good non restricted bullpup rifles available in Canada for around $1000.
Tavor (תבור) is an Israeli bullpup assault rifle
The bolt action Thorneycroft carbine, first manufactured in 1901, was the first documented bullpup rifle. The first design of a modern bullpup assault rifle was the British EM-2, designed by Kazimierz Januszewski.
I wouldn't say one is better then the other, I'd say they have both have qualities that meet different operational requirements. A bullpup can fit a longer barrel in a more compact size. I.E. it will present a shorter profile with a long barrel.
The exact same way a normal rifle does, except that the trigger is typically attached to the firing mechanism by some sort of linkage - this is also the reason bullpup rifles tend to be cited as having really jerky trigger pulls, although this has been rectified in some rifles through the use of a free floating linkage. The primary difference (and, indeed the very definition of what "Bullpup" means) is that a Bullpup's action (bolt/firing pin, breach, et al) is located behind (i.e. closer to the rear) the trigger. Normal rifles also require a linkage between the action and trigger, but this linkage can be extremely short, and thus, less susceptible to becoming loose or stuck, which can be the cause of the "jerkiness" of many Bullpup weapon's trigger pulls.
IT VARIES FROM STATE TO STATE. I BELIEVE THAT ASSAULT RIFLES SHOULD BE BANNED. IT VARIES FROM STATE TO STATE. I BELIEVE THAT ASSAULT RIFLES SHOULD BE BANNED.
Helicopters and assault rifles.
subgun.com
Some are.
The ak series
Ordinary rifles and shotguns, no. Assault rifles, yes. See link below.
Less than 1% of all firearm deaths involved what are CALLED assault rifles.