No. You should never try to load or fire any ammo into a gun other than what it is designed to fire. A .44 caliber gun is designed to fire .44 caliber ammo.
Yes. The 44 magnum can fire 44 special ammo in the same way a .357 magnum can use .38 Special.
Depends on what ammo and what you mean by "stronger".
It's known as a "44 Bulldog" caliber and hasn't been loaded in many, many years. It is only available through custom reloaders such as "Gad custom cartridges" for $35 a box + shipping. I have an old "Bulldog" made in 1887 that uses this ammo. They're fun to shoot if they are tight.
Yes
The short answer is no. You should not (and normally can't) fire any ammo in a gun other than what it is specifically designed to shoot. There are some exceptions, such as, you can fire 38 special in a gun designed for .357 magnum.
If the Anaconda is a .44 Magnum, yes, you can shoot .44 Special in it all day. Also .44 S&W American and .44 Russian if you are of a mind.
No! A firearm chambered for the .38 cannot safely shoot .357 magnum ammunition. The .357 has a longer case and overall cartridge length, and a much stronger powder charge. The .357 magnum will not fit into a .38 revolver, and if it did the chamber pressure would exceed the design of the .38 and could cause catastrophic failure of the firearm, in an injurious or deadly way. However, you can shoot a .38 special round safely through a .357 magnum as they both share the same caliber bullet. The same holds true with shooting a .44 special through a .44 magnum.
Yes, and it is more comfortable to shoot than .44 Mag. Clean the cylinder chambers well after shooting to prevent carbon buildup ahead of the cartridges.
No, you cannot. The .38 Special can be fired out of .357 Magnum revolver (but not automatics or lever action rifles), however.
44
.44 Magnum
It is: 357/8 = 44 with a remainder of 5