Germany - Apex
Only the second wave was motivated by a need for natural resources for industrialization.
POLAND!!!
The economic policy that controlled colonies for all major European trading countries was mercantilism. This policy emphasized the accumulation of wealth through trade, the establishment of a favorable balance of exports over imports, and the exploitation of colonial resources. European powers sought to enhance their economic strength by monopolizing trade routes and ensuring that colonies served their interests, often through regulations and tariffs. Ultimately, mercantilism aimed to strengthen the mother country at the expense of its colonies.
Typically the first step for another country to climb the economic ladder is with textiles and clothing and then to turn the country into major trading partners with us. ie. United States and China Referenced: IR: The new world of international relations, Roskin/Berry 2010 edition, p. 174
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire.
Germany, which started major industrialization in the second half of the 19th century. The other countries mentioned only saw major industrialization after WW 2; that is, starting in the second half of the 20th century
Europe.
Germany
Textile production
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Industrialization had a major impact on the global economy. For one thing, countries were able to increase business with developed countries overseas. Shipping costs went down and allowed businesses to import more of the raw materials they needed.
England was the first country to do so
Oil production
major new inventions was one ingredient needed to lead Britain to the industrialization.
The United States pursued industrialization on its own, while Japan was first pressured by an outside power.
Urbanization and industrialization
Only the second wave was motivated by a need for natural resources for industrialization.