it placed power firmly in the hands of the upper middle class and called for a two-house legislature and an executive body of five men, known as the Directory. Some of them were corrupt and made themselves rich at the country's expense. They gave their troubled country a period of order. They also found the right general to command France's armies Napoleon Bonaparte.
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Huge collective farms formed during the Great Leap forward was called communes. The US supported the nationalists with financial aid and weapons during the civil war.
The Storming of the Bastille marks the start of the grass roots French Revolution. An attempt was made at creating a constitutional monarchy, providing tax relief, stabilizing food prices and adding representation to the government without avail. Austria threatened war and France obliged them. The King was beheaded and Reign of Terror was put into place to safeguard the Revolution.
The Bolshevik Revolution, also known as the October Revolution of 1917, took place mainly in Petrograd, Russia, but it occurred in many other larger cities as well. Petrograd had been known as St. Petersburg but the name during WWI. St. Petersburg had been the Tsarist capital city of Russia and remained the capital under the Provisional Government set up when the Tsar abdicated after the February Revolution of 1917. When the Provisional Government in Petrograd proved to be no better than Tsarist rule, the people refused to support it. Lenin and the Bolsheviks simply stepped in and took power from the main governing body in Petrograd and announced that governmental power was now vested in the workers' councils (called Soviets) that had formed in the larger cities.
The Duma was created in response to the Revolution of 1905.
Philip the Fair.