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There are two species of sea elephants, the northern and southern. Northern sea elephants can be found in California and Baja California, though they prefer to frequent offshore islands rather than the North American mainland.

Southern sea elephants live in sub-Antarctic and Antarctic waters that feature brutally cold conditions but are rich in the fish, squid, and other marine foods these seal elephants enjoy. Southern sea elephants breed on land but spend their winters in the frigid Antarctic waters near the Antarctic pack ice.

Southern sea elephants are the largest of all seal elephants. Males can be over 20 feet long and weigh up to 8,800 pounds. But these massive pinnipeds aren't called sea elephants because of their size. They take their name from their trunk-like inflatable snouts.

When breeding season arrives, male sea elephants define and defend territories. They collect a harem of 40 to 50 females, which are much smaller than their enormous mates. Males battle each other for mating dominance. Some encounters end with roaring and aggressive posturing, but many others turn into violent and bloody battles.

Sea elephants give birth in late winter to a single pup and nurse it for approximately a month. While suckling their young, females do not eat---both mother and child live off the energy stored in ample reserves of her blubber. Females give birth to a single pup each year after an 11-month pregnancy.

Sea elephants were aggressively hunted for their oil, and their numbers were once reduced to the brink of extinction. Fortunately, populations have rebounded under legal protections.

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15y ago

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